The Marketing Strategy Of Air Arabia Tourism Essay

The Marketing Strategy Of Air Arabia Tourism Essay The organization Air Arabia which is picked in this report is an open organization. This report likewise gives data about how the organization functions inside and remotely. The principle center point of the Air Arabia Company is in Sharjah, U.A.E and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco. This report will likewise give you the money related Information of the organization and furthermore about its rivals budgetary status like its business, benefit, and piece of the overall industry. Air Arabia is universes First and Largest Low Cost Carrier (LCC) to work in Middle East and North Africa. It works in excess of 40 nations worldwide and has fragmented its objective market in Middle East, Indian Subcontinents, South and Central Asia, Africa and Europe. The report additionally invigorates total data about the companys, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats and furthermore about its Product (Services), Price, Place and Promotion. Last yet not the least, the report has demonstrated the si tuation of the organization in the current market, proof of the companys achievement and possibilities for future development/achievement. Air Arabia Presentation Air Arabia is the main biggest Low Cost Carrier (LCC) to work in Middle East and North Africa. Air Arabia began its activity in October 2003 and holds an arrangement of effective business.The Main Hub of Air Arabia is Sharjah Airport, UAE and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco and later on declared its third center in Egypt. The current CEO of Air Arabia is Adel Ali who was named as Airline CEO of the Year for a long time. Air Arabia is named as Best Low Cost Carrier at numerous Airline Awards. Air Arabia is a recorded organization on the Dubai Financial Market. The current Air Arabia trademark is Air Arabia, Pay Less Fly More. The Market Environment: Air Arabia has spread it wings from its center points; Sharjah Airport, UAE and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco and Egypt to more than 65 goals spreading across Middle East, Indian Subcontinents, South and Central Asia, Africa and Europe. Air Arabia is in Airline Industry and has kept up an arrangement of fruitful business till now. The Airline Industry furnishes with Air transport administrations to travelers who need to make a trip to various nations which are canvassed via Airplanes in substantially less time. It likewise gives air load offices. The Competition The Main Competitors Air Arabia has numerous contenders, for example, Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways, and Air India Express however out of all these the principle contender of Air Arabia is Jazeera Airways. Deals and Profit Trend Jazeera Airways confronted a Net Loss of 8.2 million in the year 2009. In the year 2010 the organization is as yet working in loss of 4.4 million in the main quarter and lost 4.7 million in the subsequent quarter. Piece of the pie Jazeera Airways head office is in Kuwait. It likewise had its center point in UAE but since of it confronting misfortune in the earlier year it had chosen to shut down the UAE center. So now it just controls from Kuwait. Target Market Jazeera Airways is an ease carrier that objectives the individuals with low pay. The Company Deals and Profit Trend Air Arabias organization benefits in the year 2009 were AED 452 million. In the year 2010 the benefits of the organization in the primary quarter were AED 50 million and in the subsequent quarter were additionally AED 50 million. The organization is developing a solid system course which is helping in developing its deals. Piece of the overall industry The accompanying chart shows Air Arabia Profit created around the world. GCC AED 63.28 million Center East AED 63.28 million North Africa AED 49.72 million Focal Asia AED 22.6 million Europe AED 94.92 million Indian Subcontinents AED 158.2 million Business Sector Air Arabia is an open part organization with its offer recorded on the Dubai Financial Market (DFM: AIRARABIA). SWOT investigation Qualities Air Arabia is the main minimal effort transporter in the GCC area. Given the tremendous speculation required in setting up a carrier, rivalry will require time to be a noteworthy danger. Sharjah Airport gives noteworthy waivers to Air Arabia through landing and stopping charges. In spite of an exceptionally youthful history, net benefits have been expanding at a CAGR of over 200% since 2005. The organization figured out how to produce its first net benefit in 2005 in the wake of beginning tasks in late 2003. Shortcomings Less number of planes Center point area An obstruction for inhabitants of different emirates in UAE other than Dubai. Fuel costs represent generally 38% of all out working expenses for Air Arabia. The value climb in unrefined petroleum is required to keep influencing the carrier. Openings With a firm request for 34 airplane and a possibility for 15 more, Air Arabia is ready for development. The aircraft is relied upon to add more goals to its portfolio. Rivalry is as yet youthful when contrasted with Air Arabia which gives the organization time to additionally harden its situating as a quality LCC. The UAE and the GCC all in all is centered around pulling in vacationers to the area. As the district develops with the rising cost of oil, the available market for Air Arabia additionally extends in the long haul. Dangers Being the most noteworthy part of working costs, vitality costs can truly hamper Air Arabias execution. Carriers around the globe are battling a direct result of rising vitality costs. Low LCC entrance in the area makes the pie exceptionally enormous anyway new LCCs are en route to make the division increasingly weakened later on. New LCCs incorporate Sama, Nas, RAK Airways and Fly Dubai. Because of restricted decision in airplane providers, carriers are touchy to conveyance timetables of airplane. The conveyance of the 34 arranged airplane is initially intended to start in 2013. The Companys Marketing Strategy Division Air Arabia has been spread worldwide through three center points in particular Sharjah Airport, Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca and Egypt air terminal. Air Arabia is in Travel and Tourism industry which is additionally separated into Travel industry which gives head out offices to travelers who need to go to different nations while Tourism industry which help with Hotel reservations. Focusing on Air Arabia targets individuals with low pay who might want to venture to the far corners of the planet which couldn't be conceivable as the airship cargo is high. However, these days individuals with great salary have likewise begun going in Air Arabia as it encourages them to put something aside for better future. Situating Air Arabia has situated itself in the market so that has kept it a long ways in front of its rivals. Air Arabia and Jazeera aviation routes are in rivalry yet interest for Air Arabia is high as it gives modest ticket cost. Development Strategy Air Arabia has wanted to extend its Sharjah center by Investing 2.0 billion in new airplanes which will build the quantity of planes to 34 by 2015.this extension will likewise expand the recurrence of trips on specific courses, for example multiplying the quantity of day by day trips by and large. The Marketing Mix Item (Service) Air Arabia offers numerous administrations to their clients as per the objective fragment they have a place with. They furnish with internet booking which lessens the hour of a client to go to any organization and book a flight. Air Arabia additionally gives lodging reservation administration and suggests the best choices for clients as per their necessities and spending plans. Value Air Arabia is utilizing an ease technique, which is to offer lower cost than what different aircrafts in the market offer. It utilizes this technique since it targets individuals from low to medium-pay level who are eager to pay less so as to fly more. Spot The primary base of Air Arabia is in Sharjah, UAE. It has increasingly three centers which are in Morocco, Egypt and Jordon. Air Arabia additionally has an Online Website through which clients can book their flights, check the most recent offers and book a convenience in a lodging during his/her movement. Advancement Air Arabia consistently publicize in nearby and global, Arabic and English papers and magazines in light of the fact that their intended interest group are individuals from all nationalities. It publicizes in business, family and social magazines worldwide to arrive at their intended interest group who have various interests. Air Arabia has made a site offers numerous administrations, for example, the web based booking, which permit clients to choose specific seats or administration from their home. Moreover, Air Arabia publicizes in numerous sites from various fields, for example, the MSN errand person and the Gulf News. Assessment of the Companys Strategies and Tactics Current Market Situation Air Arabia being the First and biggest Low Cost Carrier in the Middle East and North Africa have put themselves in front of their rivals. The companys administrations are being requested by numerous clients because of whom in 2010 the Net Profit of the organization in second from last quarter expanded to AED 136 million. Proof of Companys Success The Companys benefit in the year 2009 was AED 452 million which had been diminished from the earlier year. However, the companys development methodology shows that it will be fruitful in the coming years. Possibilities for future development/achievement Air Arabia have contributed AED 1.7 2.0 billion on new airplanes to expand the quantity of planes by 2015. This venture will build the recurrence of the trips on specific courses. End Air Arabia has been developing in Travel and Tourism industry with a dream to offer better administrations and to be the best carrier on each course it flies by improving a solid system course. Accordingly, it has many objective fragments of individuals with low to medium-salary levels that are searching for low air admissions. The desire of Air Arabia is an armada development of 50 airplanes by 2015 and furthermore setting up more center points to interface the entire Arab world to Africa and Europe

Pizza Delivery and Domino Essay Example for Free

Pizza Delivery and Domino Essay Dominos Pizza, Inc. (NYSE: DPZ) is a global pizza conveyance organization headquartered in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Established in 1960, Dominos is the second-biggest pizza chain in the United States. [1] Dominos as of now has almost 9,000 corporate and diversified stores[2] in 60 universal markets[3] and each of the 50 U. S. states. Dominos Pizza was offered to Bain Capital in 1998 and opened up to the world in 2004. Dominos menu highlights pizza, pasta, stove heated sandwiches, wings, boneless chicken, plates of mixed greens, breadsticks, cheesesticks, and an assortment of sweet things. The board positions at Dominos Pizza conveyance focuses offer you the chance to join a world-class organization with: * A serious pay. * A magnificent advantages bundle. * Opportunity for profession development. Our group chiefs are engaged with all aspects of our business. The work is a mix of managerial and operational duties performed all through the appropriation community. The best up-and-comers are solid yet insightful pioneers who can regard their colleagues and coach them onto more noteworthy vocation improvement. On the off chance that you care about the individuals who work for you and want to energize and aid their vocation development, youre the kind of pioneer we search for. What Types of Management Positions Are Available? Our General Manager Development Program is a superb beginning to obtaining abilities and learning the basics of business tasks. Notwithstanding a few prerequisites, it is important to work effectively in a group chief position (least of a half year) to apply for the program. The program is redone for every person and spotlights on the accompanying territories. Food Production Preparing and blending new pizza batter is the duty of a creation colleague. The creation group is the mystery behind the extraordinary tasting Domino’s Pizza purchasers go to when they’re hungry. In the event that you want to make a top-quality food item consistently, at that point our creation office is for you. Business Delivery and Service Drivers We search for colleagues with a guarantee to security and astounding client assistance to be a piece of our Delivery Service group. Conveyance Service drivers will drive a truck over a set up course to convey items to Domino’s Pizza stores. At the point when you take the wheel for Domino’s Pizza Distribution, you are the substance of our organization to our clients. You’re connection with the stores is vital to our prosperity. Numerous drivers manufacture enduring associations with clients in the fun and strong family condition of Domino’s Pizza. Distribution center Our stockroom colleagues guarantee that our clients get every single item they request, each time they request it. As a stockroom colleague, your principle obligation will be to stack, empty and move materials inside or close to the appropriation community. You’re the person who gets it going for us consistently and you are a significant bit of what our identity is. n mid 2000, Pawan (Bhatia), the CEO of Dominos Pizza India (Dominos) was a man in a rush. Since the time Bhatia took over as the CEO of Dominos in November 1999, he had been quickly improving the pizza chains India procedure. Bhatia was intending to open 150 new outlets before the finish of 2002 covering 23 cities,1 including Bhubaneshwar (Orissa) and Jamshedpur (Bihar). In late 1999, Indocean Chase, the private value support purchased a 25% stake in Dominos activities in India from the Delhi-based mechanical family, the Bhartias, who held Dominos establishment in India. Dominos told venture brokers at the store that it wanted to go in for a first sale of stock (IPO) in the following two years. Indocean Chase prompted Dominos to go past its 16 outlets in Delhi to misuse the potential in the pizza conveyance business. Except if an all around considered extension plan was instituted, the IPO was probably not going to discover such a large number of takers. As a major aspect of its extension plans Dominos patched up its whole gracefully chain tasks, from sourcing crude materials to transportation them for handling at a focal area to conveying it to the clients. At first, Dominos had a straightforward model. It had three independent grocery stores in New Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore which purchased their own wheat, tomatoes and different fixings, prepared them, at that point conveyed them in refrigerated trucks to every outlet. Be that as it may, volumes were required to increment when Dominos wanted to open new outlets. Subsequently, the current model must be redone. Bhatia stated, Its urgent for us to assemble a minimal effort gracefully chain activity which removes costs from the framework and thus gives us more prominent estimating adaptability in the commercial center. Experts felt that Dominos needed to reevaluate its gracefully chain activity since it was the greatest zone of expenses. Since 75% of Dominos clients requested either from office or home, it didn't need to rent enormous plots of land in prime areas to draw in rush hour gridlock. Rather, it required a proficiently overseen call focus to bring better returns. In the late 1950s, Dominick De (Varti) claimed a little pizza store named DomiNicks Pizza on the Eastern Michigan University grounds in Ypsilanti, Michigan. In 1960, two siblings who were understudies of the University of Michigan †Thomas S. Monaghan (Thomas) and James S. Monaghan (James) †purchased the store for US$900. In 1961, James offered a lot of business to Thomas. The pizza business progressed admirably and by 1965, Thomas had the option to open two additional stores in the town †Pizza King and Pizza from the Prop. Inside a year, Varti opened a pizza store in a local town with a similar name, DomiNicks Pizza. Thomas chose to change the name of his first store, DomiNicks Pizza, and one of his workers recommended the name Dominos Pizza (Dominos). The benefit of this name Thomas felt was that it would be recorded after DomiNick in the catalog. Dominos theory laid on two standards †restricted menu and conveying hot and new pizzas inside 30 minutes. In 1967, it opened the main establishment store in Ypsilanti, and in 1968, an establishment store in Burlington, Vermont. In any case, the organization ran into issues when its central station (the principal store) and grocery store were obliterated by fire. In the mid 1970s, the organization confronted issues again when it was sued by Amstar, the parent organization of Domino Sugar for trademark encroachment. Thomas began searching for another name and concocted Red Dominos and Pizzas Dispatch. In any case, there wasnt any requirement for it since Dominos won the claim in 1980. In 1982, Dominos Pizza built up Dominos Pizza International (DPI) that was made liable for opening Dominos stores globally. The principal store was opened in Winnipeg, Canada. Inside a year, DPI spread to in excess of 50 nations and in 1983, it initiated its 1000th store (Refer Exhibit II for overall incomes). Around a similar time, new pizza chains like Pizza Hut and Little Caesar built up themselves in the US. Dominos Pizza confronted serious rivalry since it had not changed its menu of conventional hand-hurled pizza. The other pizza chains offered low-valued breadsticks, plates of mixed greens and other inexpensive food separated from pizzas.. Experts felt that Dominos submitted a general direction to McDonalds gracefully chain model (Refer Box and Exhibit III for McDonalds model). Be that as it may, they opined that the degree of multifaceted nature in McDonalds framework in India was not as high as that of Dominos. Remarked Bhatia, McDonalds tasks are not as spread out as our own. They are in four urban communities while we are in 16. Bringing together wouldnt chip away at such a geological scale. In this manner in mid 2000, Dominos came out with its own coordinations model. It started at the point Dominos bought wheat for making the pizza batter. Dominos originally chose the acquisition technique for its key crude materials: wheat, child corn, tomatoes and flavors. For example, wheat was least expensive in Jalandhars (Punjab) discount markets. Dominos refrigerated trucks recovered the wheat to the supermarket in Delhi. Store handled the wheat and arranged the pizza mixture. The pizza mixture and different things arranged in stores were then sent to the retail outlets again in refrigerated trucks. The temperature inside the truck was fixed dependent on the separation between the retail outlets and the grocery stores. This was to set the mixture at a specific level when it arrived at the outlets. The retail outlets needed to go through the handled mixture inside three days of conveyance. In the event that they neglected to do as such for reasons unknown the whole amount was disposed of. To get to Jalandhar, the trucks needed to pass Chandigarh. Chandigarh with a cosmopolitan populace, was a potential market for Dominos items. Along these lines, Dominos opened an outlet there. The expense of passage was low on the grounds that there was no extra expenses brought about on transportation of items

What Do I Bring to the Program - Essay Sample?

What Do I Bring to the Program - Essay Sample?For many people a job interview for the first time is a big shock, and they don't really know what to bring to the program. They may be nervous or they may not know what to say. They may feel that they have too much work to get done for the interview, so they try to be vague about what they are bringing.Who should you bring? Here are some things to look for in essay samples for the job you are applying for.The applicant should always choose a short, well-written essay that doesn't require too much research or long essay. This will demonstrate that the applicant can be sharp and fast, and also that they can present an essay quickly. This is important because for a typical employer, you want to know if the candidate can get it done quickly, and if the applicant is able to fit information in that needs to be presented in a quick manner.Make sure that the essay you choose for sample sentences is short and to the point. You do not want to take forever. Showing that you are very good at typing and using different programs that are available can help your case, but it is also a good idea to be honest with what you bring to the program.Make sure that you use the best essay writing software that you can afford. This will not only show the employer that you are able to write a lot of different things and the best part is that you can use the same type of programs over again. Of course, you want to use the programs that you are going to need, so that you can keep your essays organized. If you want to send in a few more samples, make sure that you use the programs that the employer is going to be needing.Make sure that you check your spelling and grammar. Most employers do not care if you get all of the ideas down, but they want to see that you are taking the time to proofread your work. One way to do this is to spend some time on the internet and checking out as many articles as you can that compare how writing skills are cons idered. By doing this, you can get a feel for how effective the applicant is.Another way to check for yourself is to do an online search. This can give you a feel for how many letters have been sent out, and how many have been turned down. Online searches have been around for a while, and it is easy to see that there are tons of other applicants who have gotten to the interview stage before you. This gives you a lot of hope that you are not the only one who will get an interview.Make sure that when you are looking at the essay samples that you make sure that you include the correct keywords. When you enter them into Google, they will give you a variety of papers from different companies, and you can then narrow your search to just those papers that match what you need.

Main Elements In Beloved - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1088 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/12 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Beloved Essay Did you like this example? Trees: With love comes trust. Paul D sees the trees as something he can trust, something you can go to when you need reassurance or support. Trees are also become a sign to a second life for him especially when the Cherokee directed him to follow the blossoming trees all the way up to Cincinnati and 124. With love comes comfort and safety. For Denver the trees or bushes symbolize a sense of safety. For instance her five boxwood bushes, planted in a ring, a place where Denvers imagination produced its own hunger and its own food, which she badly needed because loneliness wore her out. Trees have a totally different meaning for Sethe, whose back Amy Denver calls a chokecherry tree . Her tree is more a sign of the past that she doesn’t like being reminded of. Actual trees also bring up some pretty dark thoughts for her, like the dead-man when she thought Paul A was hanging from the tree. At times love can bring pain, people love something or someone that they shouldn’t. Or one ha s experienced love at one point that did not have the desired outcome creating unbearable memories. Trees hold a different meaning for all three characters as all three of them have experienced different things in life and have a different mental standing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Main Elements In Beloved" essay for you Create order Color: Each color has a different connotation to it. The darker the color, usually the duller the emotion associated with it. Each color holds its own specific meaning. The color red shows up throughout the novel. It carries different meanings when it goes with different objects. Amy’s red velvet, for example, stands for hope and future. She described the velvet to Sethe as something â€Å"like the world was just born† and â€Å"clean and new and so smooth†(41), and therefore the velvet represents a new life. When one is receiving love while going through a rough time from family or someone who has their best interest, it encourages them to take a step that will better their life. Love expresses many emotions and characteristics such as protection, flirtation, concern, and more. In this case, there was a sign of concern or more of a hope of Sethe having a new life. 124: The 124 was a place where majority of the characters had their ups and downs. It was place that impacted the characters for the rest of their lives. It was a place that contained a haunted side, a feminine side, and a party side. 124 was haunted with beloved’s ghost. Baby Suggs moved to 124, Mr. Bowdin, the owner remembers a women died in there, and it does seem like the houses moods follow the arc of Beloveds presence at 124: from the spiteful baby ghost who likes to get Poltergeist-y on the house; to the loud fighting between Sethe and Beloved; to the quiet absence after Beloved leaves. Looking at it from all angles, 124 was a place that brought everyone together, whether it was in a positive or harmful manner. 124 is also a place that resembles sethe’s children that have survived, 124 the birth order of the living children excluding the third being, Beloved. Quote: â€Å"124 was spiteful. Full of a babys venom. The women in the house knew it and so did the children. For years each put up with the spite in his own way, but by 1873 Sethe and her daughters Denver were its only victims† (3). Tobacco Tin: In today’s society, majority of the people associate the abstract idea of love with the tangible human organ, the heart. Why? As one prepares for something exciting, their heart rate increases. The heart is the center of emotion and love is one of the biggest emotions a person will experience in their lifetime. Paul D however replaces his heart with a tobacco tin filled with all his struggles and painful memories. The tobacco tin symbolizes the lack of love Paul D has received in his life. The tobacco tin box is not something Paul D can open and face on his own, if he were to do such a thing it would force him to go mad like Halle. He needs the support of the women, Beloved and Sethe in order to realize who he really is as a person. Red Heart: Red heart from the sound of seems to represent love and passion, however, in the context of this novel it turns out to be the total opposite. Paul D and Beloved’s sexual encounter did wake up Paul D’s emotion sides but in order for that to happen, he had to drop so low, practically went to the dark side to experience the bright side of his life. As many readers may believe, Beloved came back from the dead which makes it sound like Paul D had sex with a dead girl. In true context, the â€Å"red heart† symbolizes the past and death, both of which beloved represents. It also shows that characters in this novel cannot experience love in a normal manner, they are forced to do something inhumane to feel like a typical living person. Perhaps that is what slavery does to its victims. Secret Compartment Beloved:   Beloved is misunderstood because she is something different to each major character in the book. To Paul D, she is a mystery and a lover, to Sethe she is a daughter and reminder of the old pain that she has gone through in life, along with guilt because she had murdered her as an infant, and finally to Denver she is a sister that Denver hopes to never be in solitude again with only her mother and the ghost. Along with the main characters she is also portrayed as a pregnant woman to all of the other people within the community. Though Beloved is a bad nightmare and memory for the town to remember she also seen differently to resemble her name Beloved, with the word love within it everyone creates a different image of it just like in life.   Quote:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"They forgot her like a bad dream. after they made up their tales, shaped and decorated them, those that saw her that day on the porch quickly and deliberately forgot her. It took longer for those who had spoken to her, lived with her, fallen in love with her, to forget, until they realized they couldn’t remember or repeat a single thing she said, and began to believe that, other than what they themselves were thinking, she hadn’t said anything at all† (324).

10 Ways to Impress a Teacher

Movie Review The Patriot - 1220 Words

When asked to watch a history movie and write a research paper about it, I was nervous. Normally, I choose a comedy or chick flick when it comes to movies. However, my husband is the exact opposite and loves a good history or war movie. It was his idea for me to watch The Patriot that was released in 2000 for my paper. After watching the movie, I was very impressed. I can honestly say that I thoroughly enjoyed it and learned a whole lot. This movie taught me so much about the Revolutionary War that I never knew or understood. It also opened my eyes to some of the things that happened during slavery. Slavery is something that is very negative however, not all slaves were mistreated. Some were lucky enough to end up with people who treated†¦show more content†¦Originally, Benjamin Martin was against the Revolutionary War because he knew the American Colonies would be outnumbered and the war was basically over before it had even began. He was also not keen on the idea that it w ould be fought amongst their own homes. Without Benjamin Martin, the war began. General Cornwallis was the leader of the British side whereas General George Washington was the leader of the American side or Colonial. During the extent of the war, Benjamin Martin’s son Tommy was killed. This lit a fire under him and this is when he decided to stick up for the colonial and join the war. To gain more people, he decided to create a militia. A militia is a military force that is raised from the civil population to supplement a regular army in an emergency (www.dictionary.com). The militia consisted of farmers, slaves, and any man who was willing to participate. The militia cut off the supply to the British troops. They caught the Britain’s when they were in the valleys, and on the way to get supplies. At one point, the Colonials disguised themselves as the Britain’s, by using the uniforms of the deceased war soldiers. They did this so that they could get to the ship which had their supplies on it, and blow it up. Colonel Tavington was a part of the British Colony and he did not obey the rules of war. He was constantly taking matters into his own hands and doing what he wanted to do. It was Colonel Tavington that was responsible for the death of Benjamin

Research Proposal Accounting and Technology in IT

Question: Discuss about the case study Research Proposal for Accounting and Technology in IT. Answer: Introduction Accounting practices have been running for decades across companies of different sizes and nature in order to measure and manager its financial performance. It ensures that all the financial transactions in context of sales, assets, liabilities and much more follow a standard set of rules and regulations. Conn (1978) stated that accounting is similar to an information system which collects, processes and shares financial data in context of any economic entity. Though growth in information technology (IT) has ushered in many changes across industries, the impact felt across the accounting industry was much noticed. Once considered a monotonous and slow moving industry, accounting practices have undergone some dramatic changes, partially due to the sudden changes in the business ecosystem (Elliott, 1998). Exponential growth in information technology has made palpable impact on the accounting systems, therefore changing the way accounting was performed. It be noted that computers and ot her digital technologies have arguable improved the organizational productivity resulting in effective collaboration of financial information to generate authentic results. Information technology has provided various tools and techniques to identify and pursue economic and business opportunities across industries. (Ballada and Ballada, 2011). As IT has become such an integral part of organizational structure, decisions in context of the IT structure ought to be taken with due recognition to its strategic relevance. Henceforth, IT could be seen emerging as a central component of the transformed economic trade system given the progress in accounting performance (Efendi, Mulig and Smith, 2006). In a simpler form, IT has changed the concept of conventional practices of business and accounting (Hunton, 2002). The most prominent reason of easy adoption of the link between accounting and IT is the popular assumption that IT has become a foundation for accounting data and information to dra w conclusions (Granlund, 2007). Even though a lot of research has gone into traditional accounting practices, the focus now has shifted to the relation between IT and accounting systems. Though its a general observation that technology has changed the accounting processes and management decision making, there has been limited research conducted so far. It is hoped that this research would provide the much desired fodder to stimulate extensive studies to define the association between IT and accounting systems. This paper has been divided into different sections in order to attempt sequential steps to arrive at an appropriate conclusion. The first chapter would discuss the extensive academic literature in context of IT and its role in accounting or financial industry around the world. The second chapter would discuss the research methodology adopted to achieve the research objectives set. The third chapter would involve the discussion over the results found after the analysis of collected research data. The fourth chapter includes conclusion for the research conducted to establish the relation between accounting and IT. The fifth and last chapter elaborates on some recommendations made in order to improve the results of the research. Literature Review Every organization, irrespective of its nature and size, rely on accounting systems to perform its basic financial activities. Accounting in its basic form can be described as a process which involves measuring, categorizing, summarizing data in a specific manner and interpreting results to make important decisions (ICPA, 1953). With the progress made in information system, many transformations could be seen across the accounting and economic structure. Information can be defined as data which has been processed into something conclusive and usable form which has the capacity to eliminate complexity in a specific situation (Senn, 1999). However, information technology (IT) can be defined as the process which involves leveraging electronic technology to achieve the needs for vital information sought by businesses across different organizational levels. It is a lot like a computerized system which stores, processes and disseminate information (Primchard and Cole, 2006). In the early years, all basic financial calculations were done manually but it had many drawbacks with lot of time and energy consumed in complex methods. However, technology introduced some major changes in the traditional accounting systems, thereby simplifying things and improving accessibility to quality information for the organizations. It be noted that financial sector has been most radically affected by the exceptional growth witnessed in IT (Hassan, 2010). Using technology in accounting operations help organizations adopts and executes advanced technological format and assists management to make better decisions on day to day operations (Mancini, Dameri and Bonollo, 2016). There are many accounting information systems developed in order to dig out the actual relevance of the collected and stored financial data. An Accounting Information System (AIS) can be defined as information subsystem operating within an organization, and which collects information from different subsyst ems and mutually shares it with other processing subsystems in the organization (Moscove et al., 1999). It be noted that the primary function of accounting information system (AIS) involves amassing, processing, and exchanging financial data and other relevant information to the stakeholders of an organization as well as internal parties to make effective business decisions. All this perpetual growth in information technology and its impact in the accounting has allowed accountants to make use of new tools based on IT. The aspects that are possibly causing more ripples are the emergence of Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP), IT Governance, Forensic Auditing, logic management systems, cloud computing and much more. Given the complications and challenges of the advanced accounting practices, accountants ought to have technical skills apart from the accounting know how in order to understand their job. As per the the American Institute of Certified Public Accounts (AICPA), requisite knowledge, skills and competencies for an entry-level accountant job now includes wide knowledge of application and integration of IT into accounting systems and financial and managerial practices (Dillon and Kruck, 2004). The ERPs ensure that all the information is centrally located and is disseminated across different departments as and when required to make effective decisio ns for the departments. ERP stimulates positive performance as management gets a complete picture of how information is utilized for effective decision making for business to grow. As technology progresses, it has become more or less imperative that IT has become a detachable part of the accounting industry and in the years to come it is likely to introduce lot many changes. Over the years, Accounting information systems have provided the much desired assistance to businesses in order to help managers resolve problems in the financial department. The major functions of accounting information systems involve the collection, processing and utilization of the same to report on financial matters with the sole intent to take strategic decisions including price, cost and much more. The information extracted from the AIS gives regular updates about the financial events on hourly, daily and weekly basis. It in fact gives a comprehensive picture of the financial events happening during a specific time range and henceforth makes decision making lot easier. There have been many studies conducted in order to determine the impact of the AIS on organizations. The benefits include improved quality of the financial results, enhanced flexibility, effective problem solving, increased productivity, reduced cost and much more. Davis (1989) stated that technology acceptance model (TAM) has contributed to the vast volume of academic literature to improve the understanding about the extensive applications of the AIS. The author formed the TAM framework as part of the contract with IBM Canada in order to ascertain the influence of the computer-based applications in different areas such as image processing, multimedia and pen-based computer so as to draw the attention of the potential investors. The core intent of the model was to explain the behaviour expressed towards the use of computer in order to use it as accounting information systems. Though there has been initial hesitance to accept accounting information systems, eventually they came to realize the real potential and henceforth embraced the new model to extract the most out of the new technology. Also Bergeron (1995) argued over the range of factors such as individual, organizational, cultural and social which shape the behaviour of humans towards the emergence of technology in improving the fund amental accounting practices across organizations. Ever since the origin of the model, it has drawn the attention of academic researchers and other practitioners (Venkatesh, 2003). Johnston et al (2003) argued that the TAM has been elaborated on different aspects as shared by many researchers in order to grow the understanding about it and its extended opportunities for businesses to adopt. Johnson (2003) suggested that from a comprehensive look of the various studies conducted, TAM is coming out to a coveted model in this field and has come in the league of many impactful models such as ecommerce. TAM with its focus on the system design characteristics has come out with wide understanding about the usage of concepts to grasp applications of information systems and its accepted behaviour by users. Nevertheless, this model has provided the much desired motivation to dig this study further to determine legit conclusions and results about the changes observed in the behaviour of people towards the integration of technology in accounting practices. Research objectives: Research report has been formulated in order to determine the following objectives: 1. To determine the competency of technology in improving the current knowledge of accounting practices followed by companies. 2. To determine the advantages and disadvantages of technology in accounting and finance. Research Methodology Research in a basic terminology is a systematically defined process to find relevant information on a specific subject. The research methodology henceforth defines the process or method used in order to identify the hidden information. For this research, interpretive approach would be used to derive relevant conclusions. Interpretive research is different in its form that it creates distinct research design, concept, data analysis and standards of assessment (Bevir and Kedar 2008). Secondary source of information: For the research, vast pool of academic literature would be filtered in order to identify the relevant material to draw legit conclusions for the set research objectives. The secondary material includes academic journals, articles, books, websites and many other authentic source of information to study the role of information technology in accounting practices Results Based on the comprehensive secondary research, it was found that there is insufficient information in context of the influence some of the latest IT developments in the financial accounting field have made. There is arguably no doubt over the importance of IT in accounting practices but this linked has not been thoroughly researched. There are many empirical studies investigating the connection between companies performance and the inclusion of information technology and have found mixed results (Dedrick et al., 2003; Melville et al., 2004). Even there has been no direct relationship established between the amount of investment made and financial performance of an organization (Yongmei et al., 2008). Nevertheless, information technology has improved accounting practices to a great level and there has been ample evidence suggesting the same. Effective utilization of IT resources has ensured that companies manage to gain and manage competitive advantage against the rising competition f rom other companies. In fact, companies are leveraging their financial resources to upgrade to the latest technologies in order to surpass other competing firms. As many remotely performed tasks can be centralized through information technology resources, there can be lot saved in terms of accounting costs (Hurt, 1990). Nickels (2002) stated that a major proportion of companies has reported that computers have made their work easy, thereby allowing managers and other employees to generate financial results and hence make effective decisions. Information technology has introduced flexibility in accounting systems in order to ensure that variations in quantum of financial transactions will not affect the regular operations of companies, and in fact, automatic adjustments would happen. King et al. (1991) stated that IT changed book-into a more comprehensive, authentic, and well-timed process. However, IT failed to provide a more focused and tailored form of system. Carr (1987) argued t hat there are challenges when it comes to defining the requirements of systems when accounting issues grow. Also, there is lack of trained staff available to provide legit training to the staff members in many organizations. As much as it sounds feasible, integrating technology in large organizations, in specific, can be quite taxing. There are times when paid training has to be conducted to gain advance knowledge about specific accounting operations. However, it requires time and money to bridge the gap so that requisite knowledge and skills are learned to get the desired results from the accounting operations through IT software. There are reasonable challenges in terms of security in accounting operations. For instance, installing accounting software necessitates high level of security in order to eliminate any fickle possibility of fraud and embezzlement. However, virtual boundaries make it susceptible to external threat from miscreant sources. As cyber frauds are on rise, there is always a risk attached if the confidential and highly sensitive financial information is unethically accessed. Thus it has become imperative to establish trust and security across the accounting ecosystem to keep the financial system accurate. Most accounting software needs extra software to view reports in other formats such as PDF. In such case, additional cost would have to be borne out to accommodate for the inadequacies or enhanced functionalities. This creates the need to integrate internal auditors in the accounting and financial department to identify and pin down any financial data inaccuracies. In order to prevent the same, high level of accounting software have to be designed and installed to keep a close check of all the financial transactions to make wise decisions in the favor of the organization. Conclusions The impact of advanced information technologies on accounting practices in companies can be felt across all the industries. Before the emergence of this dynamic IT oriented environment, all the accounting and financial calculation was done manually. However, with the introduction of integrated systems including ERP systems and the widespread availability of Internet technology, accounting operations have transformed to a huge extent in most of the organizations around the world. Information technology is crucial in modern business practices, especially in the accounting function. There are many advantages to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of accounting systems as information technology reduces the complexities in accounting and saves lot of time in conducting normal accounting operations and increases the processing and accuracy of financial data for the organizations. It be noted that use of IT applications for accounting purpose has given a huge opportunity to organizatio ns to transform into paperless or virtual office in the years to come. Unfortunately, technology instead of becoming a an asset for accounting practices may become a liability for the organization as there are many risks involved. The more accurate and timely accounting information is provided through software can in fact put the accountability and confidentiality into jeopardy. As most of the accounting data would be stored within software, there are chances of fraudulent activities to be conducted to compromise on the sensitivity of the accounting data. As internet has become ubiquitous, financial transactions have come under scanner of unauthorized access from external sources. Despite the audit trails conducted, its very hard to determine the inappropriate financial transactions. This stimulates risk attached with leakage of accounting data and financial information in the sensitive zone. In other words, over dependency on computers and other accounting software can actually res ult in confidentiality and other fraudulent activities. Also, it would require extra funds to integrate highly secured system in the accounting practices. On the other hand, there are insufficient resources found in most of the organizations to train the staff to operating and integrate information technology systems. With complex accounting software integrated in organizations, extra investment would have to be made to deal with the rising challenges without compromising on the actual accounting functions. As technology is growing at rampant pace, it has become essential that accounting information systems are developed in order to match the rising demand for effective data and information for reaching out at tangible results to be used in business applications. Recommendations The research has given thorough review of the influence information technology has made on accounting practices across industries around the world. Though there are different sides to the inclusion of technology in accounting operations, its important to weigh the long term repercussions. However, there was decent scope to improve the results of the research as there was less time provided to conduct the research. Due to insufficient time to plan and conduct the research, many important aspects of information technology in accounting could not be thoroughly studied. Given the rate at which technology is expanding in different industrial domains, its important that extensive research is conducted in order to get an in-depth insight of the potential of IT in improving the accounting practices. References AICPA information technology center. (2009). Overview of the certified information technology professional credential. Available at: https://www.aicpa.org/Membership/Join/Pages/credentials.aspx [Accessed 15 Jul. 2016]. K. I. Dandago and A. S. Rufai, (2013). Information Technology and Accounting Information System in the Nigerian Banking Industry, Asian Economic and Financial Review, 4(5), pp.655-670. Ballada, W. and Ballada, S. (2011). Basic Accounting, DomDane Publishing, pp. 20. BERGERON, F. and RAYMOND, L. A. R., S. (1995). Fit-in strategic information technology management research An empirical comparison of perspectives, OMEGA The International Journal of Management Science, 29, pp. 125- 142 Carr, J.G., (1987). IT and the Accountant, a Comparative Study, London, Certified Accountant Publications for ACCA. Conn, N. (1978). Objectives of Financial Reporting by Business Enterprises, Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts no. 1. DAVIS, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology, MIS Quart., 11(13), pp. 319-339 Dedrick J. K., Gurbaxani V. and Kraemer, K. (2003). Information technology and economic performance: a critical review of the empirical evidence. ACM Computing surveys. 34(1). Dillon, T. W. and Kruck, S. E. (2004). Management accounting quarterly Business services industry. The emergence of accounting information systems programs. Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/evolution-technology-accounting-profession-shannon-jantz-cssr-cir [Accessed 15 Jul. 2016]. Efendi, J., Mulig, E.V. and Smith, L.M. (2006). Information technology and systems research published in major accounting academic and professional journals.Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting,3(1), pp.117-128. Elliott, R.K. (1998). Who are we as a profession.And what must we become?Journal of Accountancy(February), pp. 81-85. Granlund M. (2007). On the interface between management accounting and modern information technology a literature review and some empirical evidence. Working paper , SSRN. Hassan, K.A.(2010). The impact of information technology on the bank performance (Nigeria in perspectives). Available at: https://Hassan, K.A.(2010). The impact of information technology on the bank performance [Accessed 15 Jul. 2016]. Primchard, J. and G. Cole (2006). Standardization, compatibility and innovations. RAND Journal of Economics, 16(1) Hunton J. E. (2002). Blending information and communication technology with accounting research accounting horizons, 16 (1) Hurt, R.L.(1990). Accounting Information System, McGraw-Hill, Inc., Statement of Accounting Standard. JOHNSON, D. G. (2003). Studying the impact of information technology on the role of the management accountant - A Conceptual Framework and Research method, Management Research, (4), pp. 4- 6. King, M., Lee, R.A., Piper, J.A. and. Whittaker, J. (1991) .Information Technology and the Management Accountant, London, CIMA. Mancini, D., Dameri, R.P. and Bonollo, E. (2016). Looking for Synergies Between Accounting and Information Technologies. In Strengthening Information and Control Systems (pp. 1-12). Springer International Publishing. Melville N., Kraemer K. and Gurbaxani V. (2004). Review: Information technology and organizational performance: an integrative method of IT business value. MIS Quartly. 28(2). Moscove, J., Sinkin, P.and Bagranoff, P. (1999). A theory of interdependent demand for a communication service. Bell Journal of Economics, 5(1). Nickels, W. G. and Mchugh, J. M. (2002). Understanding Business ( 6th Ed)., Boston: McGraw-Hill, Inc. Senn, G. (1999). Adoption of technologies with network effects: An empirical examination of the adoption of automated teller machines. RAND Journal of Economics, 26(3). VENKATESH, V. and DAVIS, F. D. (2003). A Model of the antecedent of perceived ease of use: Development of a Test, Decision Science, 27, pp. 451-481 Yongmei L., Hongjian L. and Junhua H.(2008). IT capability as moderator between IT investment and firm performance. Tsinghua Science and Technology, 13(3).

Hester Prynne Sanction Essay Research Paper Hester free essay sample

Hester Prynne Sanction Essay, Research Paper Hester Prynne Sanction The relentless issue of corporate penalty has been the proverbial irritant in the side of many people throughout history. Corporations have caused many people immense sums of both physical and emotional hurting due to cases of improper mechanical care, ignorance towards the environment, and the industry of life threatening merchandises. The chief job that lies as an obstruction in forepart of prosecuting officers of these corporations is, who do they penalize? The Lord Chancellor of England questioned, ? Did you of all time expect a corporation to hold a scruples, when it has no psyche to be damned, and no organic structure to be kicked? ? Countless victims throughout history have been perplexed to come up with a solution to reply the Chancellor # 8217 ; s inquiry. How can people throw a corporation in gaol, or have them counterbalance for their unmeasurable losingss? In his work The Hester Prynne Sanction, Peter French analyses ways in which the tribunals can alter how they punish corporations more efficaciously. We will write a custom essay sample on Hester Prynne Sanction Essay Research Paper Hester or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This essay will take a critical expression at French # 8217 ; s solution, analyzing if it is an effectual and morally justified manner of penalizing corporations. In our society, retaliatory ideals have been implanted in us, as the celebrated biblical? oculus for an oculus? construct seems to be society # 8217 ; s mode with which we punish felons. This is an interesting instance though, because corporations Don # 8217 ; t merely hold one person they can put the incrimination upon. Rather, they are comprised of 100s or even 1000s of people, and hence there is no extended penalty prosecuting officers can put upon everybody who is employed by a corporation. In a celebrated instance in Indiana affecting Ford Pinto whose? cost benefit analysis sing the redesign of the gas armored combat vehicle on the Pinto? cost a individual his life. The house ended up paying $ 200,000, but how can you put a monetary value on human life? And moreover, who can you travel after for requital? The applied scientist who drew up the programs? The CEO who approved the alteration? Or even the Factory worker who placed the new armored combat vehicle in the auto? None of them, harmonizing to the current Torahs, writes French. ? The thought that a corporation can pay a tribunal mulct or a set amount to the relations of its # 8217 ; victim in a homicide instance, and hence aby its guilt is, nevertheless, regarded by many people as a shocking insult to justice. ? Very few of these instances can be straight linked to single carelessness or knowing foolhardiness, and the mulcts can easy be written off as concern disbursals. The corporations normally recover mulcts rapidly by agencies of higher monetary values. This poses a major job for society, because the mulcts imposed on corporations are non even regarded, ? in the corporate universe as penalty comparable to human incarceration. ? Therefore people want to derive control of the? most powerful establishments in our community? and more significantly gain the justness that they justly deserve. This justness comes in the signifier of Peter French # 8217 ; s Hester Prynne Sanction. French # 8217 ; s Hester Prynne Sanction is an? alternate type of penalty? , and is a good thought out and researched proposal. The solution takes a psychological attack to the job. Gallic notes that our legal system is? guilt based, and guilt is an economic impression? , and that guilt has been looked at as a debt to a victim or to a society in general. The manner to refund this debt is by penalty, which accordingly acts as a means to refund and reconstruct society # 8217 ; s equilibrium. Therefore, if a corporation is guilty of pollution they merely refund society by donating money to a group who will? clean up? the astronomical muss they made, and in bend, the harm they caused will be repaid. Gallic believes we, as a society, should abandon this mentality and exchange to a shame based attitude when it comes to justice involved in the corporate jurisprudence system, because the feeling of shame makes one feel inadequate or inferior. With this system, if a corporation was involved in a state of affairs that was discordant with the jurisprudence and trust had been shattered, the tribunals could bring on shame as a agencies of punishment.. This shame would edify the media to the error, who would in bend enlighten both the corporation of their errors, every bit good as the populace of this? black behaviour? . The advantage to this new system is that shame can non be eliminated by a payment. ? Paying a mulct can non reconstruct the position quo disrupted by black actions. It can non restore worth or trust. Recovering worth, repossessing individuality is non a inquiry of purchase. ? This forces the black party to move in a positive, brave, and valorous manner to attempt and animate themselves as worthy. Peoples look at the party involved with disgust which relays, ? a signal to them that individuality must be rebuilt. ? The Hester Prynne Sanction is a really effectual method of deterring and penalizing corporate wrongdoers by bring oning shame on an wrongdoer. The shame? threatens prestigiousness, image, and societal standing? , a grade that is carried with a individual for the remainder of his life, and this is peculiarly detrimental in the corporate universe where image, prestigiousness and repute are everything. For corporations to last they must endeavor to keep a good image, and a corporation with a tarnished image will endure enormous set dorsums, as they should. The infliction of The Hester Prynne Sanction on a corporation shows the corporations action which in bend arouses, ? 1 ) appropriate societal disdain, 2 ) a acknowledgment of a failure to mensurate up and 3 ) the sort of accommodation to operating processs, policies, and patterns that are required for the corporate wrongdoer to recover moral worth in both its ain eyes and those of the community. Rehabilitation is thereby served by retribution. ? This decidedly proves that the countenance is a really of import and effectual method which our democratic society should follow in hopes of happening a certain justness within the corporate jurisprudence. The tribunals have the power and societal credibleness to do this justness world, and coerce the corrupt corporations to confront their errors. Court ordered? inauspicious promotion? would supply the vehicle with which society could penalize these establishments. These would coerce the corporation to confront the community it has hurt, and trade with the choler they brought upon themselves. The chief job facing this, is that the tribunals would hold to happen a clever author who could punish the corporation with its # 8217 ; literary art. The focal point of money and preparation would be important, if the Sanction is to be a success. The tribunals should besides utilize their power to order the corporation non to prosecute in refuting or publicizing anything about the sentence. If the corporation did seek and advertise or advance itself after it had been ordered non to, so serious branchings would result. This would be effectual if the plan was set up and tally with austere order, fiscal stableness, and a useful mentality for the people. The aid of mulcts to rectify the job would besides help the victims and the people that these corporations hurt. It can be noted as good that this plan has been implemented late. In a recent survey seventeen corporations who have been found guilty were penalized through inauspicious promotion reported a loss of corporate prestigiousness within the company, and this in bend is regarded as a major corporate concern. The loss of prestigiousness within a company was noted, as being far more serious than the payment of a all right. This merely proves the effectivity of the Sanction, through the procedure of shame a company endures many more damaging reverses, compared to a all right which if donated to the right company can about make a better and cleaner character for the corporation, no to advert a revenue enhancement deductible state of affairs. If a company is allowed to make a merchandise that is damaging to the environment or does non run into normally accepted criterions so it to should be capable to any penalty be it negative promotion or a public boycott of the merchandise. Such step would fall into the regulations of the capitalistic game, a game in which you are merely every bit good as your last merchandise. If companies are allowed to peddle merchandises in whatever signifier they choose, so victims as good should be able to seek requital in any signifier they see fit. Adverse promotion seems to be the most effectual tool for accomplishing this requital. In drumhead, it is obvious that the Hester Prynne Sanction is the lone effectual method to penalize these faceless corporations, who have opressed the community for old ages. The Sanction has already proven to be an effectual, and besides morally acceptable manner, to function and protect the demands of todays demnading society.

Odysseus Essay

Odysseus Essay Odysseus Essay Categories Characters Setting Goal (What are they trying to achieve?) Obstacles (What prevents them from achieving Response (How do they respond to solve problems they face?) Consequence (How does this experience change them as individuals and/or a group?) Odysseus (What does Odysseus do? What do his actions reveal about the kind of Book 9 Polychemus Book 10 Circe,Eurylochus Land of the Cyclopes They goal was to escape from Polychemus’s cave and return to Ithaca Circe’s island Book 12 Sirens,Scylla,Charybdis,Euryloch us Island of the Sun Book 21 Penlope,Telemachus Book 22 Antinous,Athena Ithaca Ithaca Escape from Circe and Escape from the sea monsters and go back to Ithaca return to Ithaca Win the contest for Penelope’s hand To kill all the suitors Polychemus capture Odysseus and his men in his cave Circe Transform Odysseus men into pigs Charybdis Scylla and Zeus destroy Odysseus’s ship The suitors don’t let Odysseus to participate in the contest Antinous and the suitors want to kill Odysseus Odysseus and his men left Polychemus blind and escape by hiding in rams Odysseus tricked Circe and then kill her Odysseus tell his men to put wax Odysseus sends an in they ears so they can’t listen the arrow straight through sirens sing the ax heads Odysseus puts an arrow through his throat and then chopped all the others suitors Most of the men in the group die now they know that they have a clever leader All the men are grateful that Odysseus come back and save them risking his own life Now Odysseus is along in his long Now Odysseus is more journey close to recover his old life The whole family is united again Telemachus ,Penelope and Odysseus Odysseus

Jews in Socio-Religious Seclusion and Persecution Essay

Jews in Socio-Religious Seclusion and Persecution - Essay Example God gave the 10 commandments and other rules to the Jewish people by which they were to live and, this commandments and rules are contained in the first five books of the Old Testament and are referred to as the Torah. These commandments and rules contain the structures of the Judaism religion. Key religious beliefs as a religion include the belief in one God who is Supreme, all-powerful, just and he who reveals himself to people and they refer to Him as JHWH or Yahweh. They have a profession of faith called the Shema, which is recited in their morning and evening services that says, hear oh Israel, the Lord Our God, the Lord is one. Their central is the Torah or Pentateuch as it was revealed to Moses and it is included in the first five books of the Old Testament (Solomon, 2009). They have the Talmud, which is an interpretation and explanation of Hebrew laws, and it is done in Palestinian and Babylonian interpretations (Solomon, 2009). They follow strict laws in the area of diet and they refer to religiously prepared food as Kosher which implies that it suitable from a religious perspective. They do not believe in instinctive evil or that man has sinned or that he has impurity because they believe that man was made in Gods image. The Jews were persecuted and secluded by the diaspora socially and religiously due to the fact that their religious beliefs were different, being referred to an atheist for their failure to believe in pagan gods of some of the countries concerned. They were known to love learning, and had skill in the art of medicine, and seemed also to be a threat to other people in the Diaspora due to their economic well-being. The hatred for the Jews had been taught for centuries and seems to have taken root in Britain, Germany, Poland, and France, Lithuania, Austria, Russia, Norway other countries.

Microbial Fuel Cells (Design Study) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Microbial Fuel Cells (Design Study) - Essay Example We are, today, faced with an extraordinary situation in which the world population has reached a stage where the conventional sources of energy like fossil fuels have been depleted so much that there is little hope for the coming generations to be able to harness any of it. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover sustainable sources of energy that will not only help in reducing the carbon footprint but can also be replicated in the developing nations. A literature review on such alternative sources of energy revealed that microbial fuel cells, which employ microorganisms to biodegrade pollutants from the environment to generate electricity, are a novel method of reclaiming natural resources along with providing a new means of generating energy. This design study will be an effort towards determining the cost-efficiency of traditional MFCs versus a simple, single chambered MFC comprising of cheaper components. The purpose of the experiment will be to popularize the inexpensive MFCs and show if scaled up, they can present a low-price energy source, which will at the same time be used for bioremediation of water resources polluted by effluents. Microbial fuel cells work on the principle that some microorganisms called electricigens produce electricity while metabolizing wastewater for their sustenance. The MFC consists of a semi-permeable membrane or cation exchange membrane that allows ions to pass through them but not the microbes; two electrodes, usually the cathode is made up of platinum and the anode is carbon graphite or carbon cloth. It is fitted by a wire to complete the external circuit (Microbal Fuel Cell, 2008). Wastewater is made to flow through the anaerobic compartment and the bacterial metabolic action on the wastewater allows electrons to become free and the cell starts conducting electricity. To compare the electricity outputs

Quarterly Performance Review Essay Example for Free

Quarterly Performance Review Essay Being a retail store we all know how important customer service is, but many don’t see the importance of good vendor support as well. Vendors are important and should be looked after. Since they provide us with our foundations to running our business with providing us with the products and merchandise we sell. Elaine Bridgewater, our retail relationship manager, has been a great addition to our team. With her experience she is able to bring technical knowledge about the industry giving us a competitive advantage over many other golf equipment stores. Everyday Elaine brings her boundless energy and she is always driven and motivated. Elaine’s engaging personal style has built numerous new retail relationships for our company. However I do have some concerns regarding Elaine’s performance. Since she is the first person our retailers contact it is important to be attentive to the retailers needs. Unfortunately we have received complaints from various retailers that their calls are not returned the same day, but usually days later. If retailers email Elaine they seem to get lost in the email conversation since email message from Elaine could have been written clearer, making a simple email go back and forth numerous times due to confusion. Furthermore weekly reports are not created with care, but seem as if they were thrown together quickly. Although these may not seem like critical issues, and they are all simple fixes, but are very crucial to the survival of our business. With some standardized guidelines and practice these are areas Elaine could easily improve on. The retail channel is a very important aspect to the survival of our company and so it is important that that channel is maintained at all times. To help make the changes easier we will establish appropriate standards and guidelines for the retail division. All call and emails should be responded to within 24 hours of receiving it. We will also provide an array of email response templates since most of the correspondences are routine.

Air Pollution :: essays research papers

Air Pollution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Air, is the most essential element for all living organisms and yet, most humans play a big role on polluting this essential resource. Air pollution may not be as dangerous in its direct outcome as nuclear or water pollution can be, but in the long term it will have an tremendous effect on the environment and health of its organisms living in. Asthma, cancer, acid rain, and the disability to photosynthesize are only a few causes of air pollution.The atmospheric pollutants with the greatest effect onto the environment are the carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, dust particles, radioactive isotopes, and chlorofluorocarbons. The major sources that enable carbon monoxide to enter the atmosphere are the exhausts of cars, the burning of fossil fuels, and the oxidation of natural methane. Carbon dioxide is caused by the consumption of fossil fuels only and it causes the possible greenhouse effect which has global warming as an outcome. Hydrocarbons are caused by the combustion of oil and petrol and it effects the environment with carcinogen. Carcinogen is a chemical agent that causes cancer. Sulphur dioxide is certainly one of the major atmospheric pollutants considered that it causes stinging eyes, lung damage, asthma, and acid rain. It is the result of coal-fired power stations. Nitrogen oxides that is produced by the exhaust of cars, causes pneumonia and asphyxia. The outcome of the well known dust particles is often underestimated. It is caused by industrial chimneys, car exhaust, and volcanic eruptions and it effects the environment by toxic effects and damage of the lungs. Radioactive isotopes which are caused by small quantities from nuclear waste and nuclear accidents have an carcinogenic effect on the environment as well. The outcome of chlorfluorocarbons, which had been first discovered in the 80s is that it destroys the ozone layer. Many of those major atmospheric pollutants combined produce th e dangerous and well known smoke and gas emission called smog. Smog or dust dome is most often formed when a layer of cool air is trapped beneath a layer of still warmer air. The mixture of benzopyrene ( a cancer causing substance that is produced by the evaporation of petrol), the waste of hydrocarbons, combined with nitrogen dioxide, oxygen, and sunlight produce the photochemical smog which can be recognized as the yellow cloud over every big city in the world. Besides that optical effect it causes an increase of ozone in the lower atmosphere and the health conditions of the particular organism living in such an area.

Busi 650-ILP Final Essay

Table of Contents I. Abstract II. Organizational Setting III. Key Concepts a. Quality b. Total Quality Management c. Innovation d. Strategy Map e. Balanced Scorecard f. Six Sigma g. Bench Marking h. Inventory Management IV. Conclusion V. References Abstract The main purpose of the Integrative Learning Project (ILP) is to introduce an authentic or fabricated company/industry to research. The company’s organizational setting includes the mission statement of the company, who the internal/external customers are, what aspects can be contributed to achieve the organizations mission, and what role Christianity has with the organization. The research includes using eight different concepts learned throughout the course, explaining in detail how these concepts relate to the organization and the benefits the concepts offer to the organization, and what needs to be done to implement these concepts into the organization  successfully. This ILP will prove that a successful business can be run effectively and efficiently when implementing the key concepts. Organizational Setting Dover Saddlery, Inc. is a leading specialty retailer in the English-style horseback riding industry in the United States. The company offers a large selection of quality and premium equestrian products to care for, ride, train, and compete a horse. Founded in 1975 by Jim and David Powers, the company has grown to be the largest multi-channel marketer of premier equestrian products by selling through direct and retail sales. The company serves the English rider through Dover Saddlery and the western rider through Smith Brothers. The company sells their products using catalogs, the internet, and retail stores. The product line includes a variety of items such as tack, horse clothing, horse health, footwear, and specialized apparel. Dover Saddlery, Inc. is headquartered in Littleton, MA, including a warehouse and call center facility. The company has 18 retail locations in Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolin a, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, and Virginia. The company’s third quarter 2013 total revenues were $63.6 million, a 6.4% increase from the $59.7 million achieved in the corresponding period. Dover Saddlery, Inc. stock trades on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol DOVR. The company’s mission is to grow the business by providing a broad variety of quality and most advanced equestrian apparel, equipment, stable, and horse care products to all equestrians, while operating efficiently and being profitable. The company carries 5,800 items comprising of approximately 28,000 different SKU’s. The company carries entry-level price points to the premium high-end price points to meet the wide range of customer needs and expectations. The company carries a distinctive and broad selection of need-based and high quality products at competitive prices with prompt order fulfillment ability. The company differentiates itself from competitors by their large inventory consisting of non-branded products, private label products, and premium brands. The current equestrian products market is  estimated by the American Horse Council at $7.6 billion with an estimated 9.2 millions horses in the United States. American Sports Data estimates that over 16.8 mill ion people ride horses. The equestrian industry has many indicators that the equestrian products industry will continue to grow. The company is known for their excellence in customer service and large comprehensive selection. The company promotes a culture of courteous, knowledgeable, and prompt customer service representatives. 90% of the sales and customer service representatives are horse enthusiast. The company offers customers a 100% satisfaction guarantee. The company has one of the largest detailed customer databases. The database consists of customers that have purchased items with the last 12 months and their demographic information. The use of the catalog, internet, and retail stores has enabled the company to capture customer information, cross-market products, and provide a convenient shopping experience for customers. The company’s customers are primarily females with a passion for the riding sport. The customers are affluent and luxury oriented who tend to choose to buy from the company for the high quality and premier products. The customer base shows high repurchase rates and has been ve ry loyal customers. The role Christianity has in this organization is customer service is essential and Matthew 10:31 states, â€Å"Fear not, therefore; you are more value than many sparrows† (ESV). In the service industry, customer satisfaction is key and the company has to recruit the right people and reward them for there expertise. Colossians 3:23-24 states, â€Å"23 Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord, not for human masters, 24 since you know that you will receive an inheritance from the Lord as a reward. It is the Lord Christ you are serving† (New International Version). Another verse that can be applied in this organization is 1 Peter 4:10, â€Å"As each has received a gift, use it to serve one another, as good stewards of God’s varied grace†. The company uses the gifts God gives us and pass them on to consumers to benefit from. The role of Christianity plays a great role in this company. Key Concepts The first key concept that is applicable to Dover Saddlery is Quality. Quality has a huge impact on the quality of products and the success of the organization. According to Dinh, Igel, & Laosirihongthong (2010), â€Å"quality, considered a key strategic factor in achieving business success, is more than ever required for competing successfully in today’s global marketplace and it has become the key slogan as organizations strive for a competitive advantage in markets characterized by liberalization, globalization, and knowledgeable customers† (p. 931). The design and performance of the product are two very important concepts of quality. Quality should start with the customer, the experience the customer has with the product or service will impact the customer’s satisfaction with the total experience. The management and control of the quality of the products and services is very important to the success of the organization. It is very important for organizations to implement a quality assurance program (QAP) to ensure the quality of the products and services. According to Rouse (2007): In developing products and services, quality assurance is any systematic process of checking to see whether a product or service being developed is meeting specified requirements. Many companies have a separate department devoted to quality assurance. A quality assurance system is said to increase customer confidence and a company’s credibility, to improve work processes and efficiency, and to enable a company to better compete with others. Quality assurance was initially introduced in World War II when munitions were inspected and tested for defects after they were made. Today’s quality assurance systems emphasize catching defects before they get into the final product (Quality Assurance). There are many advantages for the company to have a QAP in place, include a competitive advantage, increase in sales and market share, increased customer sat isfaction, better management control, clearly defined organizational tasks, structure, and responsibilities, more effective recalls, and price premium (Aramyan, Meuwissen, Oude Lansink, van der Vorst, van Kooten, & van der Lans, 2009, p. 624). According to Yang (2006) â€Å"several studies on quality management have demonstrated that delivering superior service quality enhances productivity, reduces costs, increases customer loyalty, improves market share, and brings other general benefits to a service organization (p.1129). The QAP helps fulfill the needs  and expectations of the customers and improves the quality of the products and services. The second key concept that is applicable to the company is total quality management (TQM). According to Richards (2012), TQM can be defined as an integrative approach to management that supports the attainment of customer satisfaction through a wide variety of tools and techniques that the end result is higher quality of goods and services (p. 37). TQM is an organizational-wide concept of continuous improvement to ensure the products and services exceed their customers’ expectations. According to Richards (2012), â€Å"this kind of quality management requires the company to always check to make sure that product or service is at the standard that both the company and customer wants is maintained† (p. 37). Exceeding the internal and external customers satisfaction is a key focus of TQM. According to Talib, et al. (2011), TQM â€Å"has received a great attention due to its effectiveness in achieving sustainable competitive advantage and enhanced business performanceâ₠¬  (p. 1331). TQM is â€Å"a total look at the quality of the organization† (Richards, 2012, p. 41). â€Å"All service industries should seek to adopt and implement TQM so that proactive identification and response to needed changes can lead to continuous improvement† (Talib, et al. 2011). â€Å"Quality-conscious companies normally have a strong quality culture, which is helpful for achieving customer satisfaction† (Delgado-Hernandez & Aspinwall, 2008, p.1016). The practice of TQM can grow a company to have a sustainable advantage in local and international markets (Richards, 2012, p. 36). The third key concept that is applicable to the company is innovation. â€Å"In the modern business world, innovation is just as important as quality, so they must go hand and hand and one complements each other† (Perodomo-Ortiz, et al. 2009, p.5088). Innovation is one if the driving forces of a successful business and allows an organization to introduce new and improve products in the market place. According to Bigliardi (2013), innovation is a complex phenomenon that involves the production, diffusion and translation of knowledge in new or modified products or services, or the development of new production processing techniques. Innovation is very important to the  success of an organization, it creates jobs and promotes the growth of organizations. The fourth key concept that is applicable to the company is the strategy map. As a strategic part of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), a strategy map provides an organization â€Å"with a tool that helps them better monitor important details about their strategic business processes, thereby enhancing their employees’ understanding of the strategy interactions, which in turn facilitates implementing the business strategy† (Meredith and Shafer, 2013, pg. 99). According to Kaplan and Norton (2004), â€Å"the strategy map provides the visual framework for integrating the organization’s objectives in the four perspectives of a Balanced Scorecard† (pg.45). According to Markiewicz (2013), a strategy map is a tool integrating the developed strategy with operating activities of various organizational units operating in an organization. A specific feature of strategy map is that it describes in a clear manner the process of creating values in organization by indicating a number of cause and effect relationships between four perspectives (learning and growth, intemal-business-processes, customer, financial) and goals adopted within these perspectives. (pg. 161-162) The four perspectives a strategy map addresses include the financial perspective, the customer perspective, the internal business process perspective, and the learning and growing perspective. According to Markiewicz (2013), a strategy map â€Å"enables illustration of cause-and-effect relationship between the processes in all four perspectives and performance indicators at the organizational level. Strategy map and performance indicators at the organizational level constitute the basis for different departments when preparing their individual effectiveness indicators† (pg. 160). The top of a strategy map is the goal that has been specified by management, the next step is how the goal be accomplished, and the remainder of the map shows the cause-and-effect relationships that manag ement has developed on how the goal can be accomplished. The strategy map is used very frequently by all organizations as a simple strategy development tool by management to report the progress of the strategy implemented in their organization to achieve its vision or mission.  The strategy map is a powerful technique that can be applied to any type of business from a public sector organization to a non-profit organization. It is very important to organizations because it encourages its managers to think logically about the elements of their strategy and how the strategic elements interact. This effective tool ensures the managers understand the role of the strategy and how the effective strategy embraces all of the organization’s activities. According to Umayal Karpagam and Suganthi (2012), the strategy map describes â€Å"how the four perspectives: financial, customer, internal process, learning and growth are linked and how they create a balance between the more tangible outcomes through intangible resources† (pg. 7). The fifth key concept that is applicable to the company is the balanced scorecard. Kaskey (2013) says the balanced scorecard â€Å"provides an organization with ways to develop and evaluate strategic objectives and goals† (pg. 22). The balanced scorecard uses financial and nonfinancial strategic information and is â€Å"an accounting report that includes the firm’s critical success factors in four areas: financial performance, customer satisfaction, internal processes, and learning and growth† (Blocher, Stout, Juras, & Cokins, 2013, pg. 11). The benefits of the scorecard include ability to implement strategy, ability to track the process of the organization in their achievement of the strategic goals, the organization’s ability to determine manager’s compensation, achieving organizational change, and the ability to achieve the critical success factors. According to Werner and Fuyuan (2012), â€Å"when the score card is adopted, employees become awa re that their performance will be judged based on these measures and targets. Accordingly, employees will act to achieve the established performance targets† (pg. 92). The balanced scorecard is a critical tool for organizations in todays challenging and competitive business environment. It is very important for organizations to achieve its critical success factors to help the overall performance of the organization and to stay competitive. The sixth key concept that is applicable to the company is Six Sigma. This concept is a strategy to increase employee engagement that will then increase customer satisfaction. According to Meredith and Shafer (2013), six  sigma is a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and maximizing business success. Six Sigma is uniquely driven by close understanding of customer needs, disciplined use of facts, data, and statistical analysis, and diligent attention to managing, improving, and reinventing business processes. (Page 129) This method is an inspiring factor for employees and employees have to be completely engaged in the program for it to be successful and impact employee satisfaction. Six Sigma has been embraced by many organizations, that drive’s improvements in processes, products, and services. When implementing the Six Sigma approach, first provide necessary leadership and resources, implement a reward system, provide ingoing training, select early p rojects, break up difficult projects, and avoid employee layoffs. â€Å"Six sigma’s popularity and success is catching fire throughout the service industry across the globe as no other process improvement (PI) movement before (Sunder, 2013, pg. 34). The seventh key concept that is applicable to the company is benchmarking. According to Cruceru (2013), benchmarking is â€Å"viewed as a continuous process of evaluation of products, services, processes and performance of competitors in order to obtain competitive advantage, benchmarking involves knowledge of all elements occurring when implementing in practice† (pg. 6). Benchmarking is a strategy where the desire to be competitive is a challenge for managers to become knowledgeable and analyze their competitors in the industry and implement competitive strategies to be successful. According to Meredith and Shafer (2013), benchmarking is used for a variety of purposes, including the following: Comparing an organization’s processes with the best organization’s processes. Comparing an organization’s product and services with those of other organizations. Identifying the best practices to emulate. Projecting trends in order to be able to respond proactively to future challenges and opportunities. (pg.133) Benchmarking involves three steps: the first step is concerned with preparing the study, the second step is collecting the data, and the third and final step is what was learned to improve the organization. This process has become one of the most valuable processes to identify performance improvement areas. Benchmarking allows an organization to analyze and improve performance, profitability, business  processes, and market share. There are many types of benchmarking including: process benchmarking-compares business processes and operations, product benchmarking-compares products and services, strategic benchmarking-compares organizational structures, internal benchmarking-internal comparison, competitive benchmarking-comparison of direct competitors, functional benchmarking- comparison of organizations in the same field, and generic benchmarking- comparison of the best com petitor in other fields. According to Cruceru (2013), â€Å"those competitors who will know to focus on benchmarking implementation in management and marketing activities of the organization will achieve increased performance and competitiveness in terms comparable to the best competitors of the time† (pg. 9). Appendix A In order to implement benchmarking in Dover Saddlery the following steps are needed: 1. Understand the company’s current process performance gaps. 2. Obtain support and approval from the executive leadership team 3. Document benchmarking objectives and scope; document the original process. 4. Agree on the primary metrics and put them in writing. 5. Agree on what to benchmark. 6. Develop a data collection plan. 7. Identify research sources and initiate data gathering. 8. Determine how to contact and screen companies. 9. Design a detailed survey to gather information. 10. Decide if gathered information meets original objectives. 11. Conduct a site visit. 12. Apply the learning to performance gaps. 13. Communicate to the executive leadership to ensure continued support. 14. Develop a recommended implementation plan with process owner. 15. Know when to update and recalibrate. The eighth key concept that is applicable to the company is inventory management. Inventory management is extremely important for the success of a organization and having the correct number of items in inventory that is necessary for operation is vital for inventory management. According to Chen (2011), â€Å"the inventory in an organization may contain a large amount of items. A logical inventory classification is necessary for managers to have efficient plan and control of the items† (pg. 1702). Inventory management can be a challenge for any business, but can be even more important for businesses with changing product life cycles or product needs. The development of information systems, has eased some challenges faced with inventory management. The introduction of advanced information system, which aim at better performance than manual product identification and inventory data-keeping procedures, hold much promise for the reduction of inventory inaccuracies. Inventories include work-in-process, raw materials, finished goods, component parts, and so on. By eliminating storage space to business is not only saving on space but also removing defective parts from being hidden until no one knows who had made them (Meredith & Shafer, 2013, p. 176). Appendix B Inventory An additional way that we differentiate ourselves from our competition is through our breadth and depth of inventory. We believe our inventory is deeper than our competitors with $10.1 million in on-hand inventory as of December 31, 2005 and more than 5,800 items comprising approximately 28,000 different SKUs. With our extensive inventory position and rapid fulfillment capability, we have historically been able to fill approximately 95% of the items ordered within an average of 1.5 business days. Based on our inventory management systems, continuous monitoring of the products we carry and the fact that we carry very few fashion products, we have historically had very little obsolete inventory. Despite the high level of inventory we have historically maintained, we have turned inventory approximately four times per year and we historically have had no material inventory write-downs. All of the products that are presented in our catalogs are available online and customers can use our websites to enter orders, shop online and check order status and inventory availability. On average, our retail stores stock inventory items represent over 70% of the merchandise  sales we make available through our direct sales channel. All items are available to customers entering our stores by either direct shipment to a customer’s home or for in-store pickup. Conclusion Dover Saddlery is a company that prides on their success and always providing 100% customer service to their customers. Utilizing these eight key concepts, along with successful implementation into the company’s initiatives, they will produce overall success and a winning organization. References Aramyan, L. H., Meuwissen, M. M., Oude Lansink, A. M., van der Vorst, J. J., van Kooten, O., & van der Lans, I. A. (2009). The perceived impacts of quality assurance systems on tomato supply chain performance. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 20(6), 633-653. Bigliardi, B. (2013). The effect of innovation on financial performance: A research study involving SMEs. Innovation: Management Policy & Practice, 15(2): 245-256. Blocher, E. J., Stout, D. E., Juras, P. E., and Cokins, G. (2013) Cost Management: A Strategic Emphasis (6th Ed). 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